full transcript

From the Ted Talk by Anees Bahji: What is schizophrenia?

Unscramble the Blue Letters

The aoisntphtyicc drugs used to traet shprceiohizna have helped researchers work backwards to trace signatures of the disorder in the biran. Traditional antipsychotics block dopamine receptors. They can be very effective in reducing positive symptoms, which are linked to an ecxses of dopamine in particular brain pathways. But the same drugs can make negative symptoms worse, and we’ve found that negative smotmyps of schizophrenia may be tied to too little dopamine in other brain areas. Some people with schizophrenia show a loss of naerul tissue, and it’s unclear whether this atrophy is a result of the disease itself or drug-induced suppression of signaling. Fortunately, newer generations of antypiicoscths aim to address some of these issues by targeting mpltilue neurotransmitters, like sinrooetn in addition to dopamine. It’s clear that no one tntreismtar system is responsible for all symptoms, and because these drugs affect signaling throughout the brain and body, they can have other side effects like weight gain.

Open Cloze

The _____________ drugs used to _____ _____________ have helped researchers work backwards to trace signatures of the disorder in the _____. Traditional antipsychotics block dopamine receptors. They can be very effective in reducing positive symptoms, which are linked to an ______ of dopamine in particular brain pathways. But the same drugs can make negative symptoms worse, and we’ve found that negative ________ of schizophrenia may be tied to too little dopamine in other brain areas. Some people with schizophrenia show a loss of ______ tissue, and it’s unclear whether this atrophy is a result of the disease itself or drug-induced suppression of signaling. Fortunately, newer generations of ______________ aim to address some of these issues by targeting ________ neurotransmitters, like _________ in addition to dopamine. It’s clear that no one ___________ system is responsible for all symptoms, and because these drugs affect signaling throughout the brain and body, they can have other side effects like weight gain.

Solution

  1. antipsychotics
  2. transmitter
  3. symptoms
  4. neural
  5. serotonin
  6. brain
  7. antipsychotic
  8. schizophrenia
  9. treat
  10. multiple
  11. excess

Original Text

The antipsychotic drugs used to treat schizophrenia have helped researchers work backwards to trace signatures of the disorder in the brain. Traditional antipsychotics block dopamine receptors. They can be very effective in reducing positive symptoms, which are linked to an excess of dopamine in particular brain pathways. But the same drugs can make negative symptoms worse, and we’ve found that negative symptoms of schizophrenia may be tied to too little dopamine in other brain areas. Some people with schizophrenia show a loss of neural tissue, and it’s unclear whether this atrophy is a result of the disease itself or drug-induced suppression of signaling. Fortunately, newer generations of antipsychotics aim to address some of these issues by targeting multiple neurotransmitters, like serotonin in addition to dopamine. It’s clear that no one transmitter system is responsible for all symptoms, and because these drugs affect signaling throughout the brain and body, they can have other side effects like weight gain.

Frequently Occurring Word Combinations

ngrams of length 2

collocation frequency
environmental risk 2
risk factors 2
negative symptoms 2

ngrams of length 3

collocation frequency
environmental risk factors 2

Important Words

  1. addition
  2. address
  3. affect
  4. aim
  5. antipsychotic
  6. antipsychotics
  7. areas
  8. atrophy
  9. block
  10. body
  11. brain
  12. clear
  13. disease
  14. disorder
  15. dopamine
  16. drugs
  17. effective
  18. effects
  19. excess
  20. fortunately
  21. gain
  22. generations
  23. helped
  24. issues
  25. linked
  26. loss
  27. multiple
  28. negative
  29. neural
  30. neurotransmitters
  31. newer
  32. pathways
  33. people
  34. positive
  35. receptors
  36. reducing
  37. researchers
  38. responsible
  39. result
  40. schizophrenia
  41. serotonin
  42. show
  43. side
  44. signaling
  45. signatures
  46. suppression
  47. symptoms
  48. system
  49. targeting
  50. tied
  51. tissue
  52. trace
  53. traditional
  54. transmitter
  55. treat
  56. unclear
  57. weight
  58. work
  59. worse